1 files changed, 23 insertions, 7 deletions

diff --git a/54.md b/54.md
index b23e8bd..59c49b3 100644
--- a/54.md
+++ b/54.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Wiki
 
 This NIP defines `kind:30818` (an _addressable event_) for descriptions (or encyclopedia entries) of particular subjects, and it's expected that multiple people will write articles about the exact same subjects, with either small variations or completely independent content.
 
-Articles are identified by lowercase, normalized ascii `d` tags.
+Articles are identified by lowercase, normalized `d` tags.
 
 ## Articles
 ```json
@@ -16,15 +16,30 @@ Articles are identified by lowercase, normalized ascii `d` tags.
   "content": "A wiki is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience.",
   "tags": [
     ["d", "wiki"],
-    ["title", "Wiki"],
+    ["title", "Wiki"]
   ]
 }
 ```
 
 ## `d` tag normalization rules
 
-- Any non-letter character MUST be converted to a `-`.
-- All letters MUST be converted to lowercase.
+- All letters with uppercase/lowercase variants MUST be converted to lowercase.
+- Whitespace MUST be converted to `-`.
+- Punctuation and symbols SHOULD be removed.
+- Multiple consecutive `-` SHOULD be collapsed to a single `-`.
+- Leading and trailing `-` SHOULD be removed.
+- Non-ASCII letters (e.g., Japanese, Chinese, Arabic, Cyrillic) MUST be preserved as UTF-8.
+- Numbers MUST be preserved.
+
+For example:
+- `"Wiki Article"` → `"wiki-article"`
+- `"What's Up?"` → `"whats-up"`
+- `"  Hello  World  "` → `"hello-world"`
+- `"Article 1"` → `"article-1"`
+- `"ウィキペディア"` → `"ウィキペディア"` (Japanese, no case change)
+- `"Ñoño"` → `"ñoño"` (Spanish, lowercased)
+- `"Москва"` → `"москва"` (Russian, lowercased)
+- `"日本語 Article"` → `"日本語-article"` (mixed scripts)
 
 ## Content
 
@@ -32,10 +47,11 @@ The `content` should be Asciidoc with two extra functionalities: **wikilinks** a
 
 Unlike normal Asciidoc links `http://example.com[]` that link to external webpages, wikilinks `[[]]` link to other articles in the wiki. In this case, the wiki is the entirety of Nostr. Clicking on a wikilink should cause the client to ask relays for events with `d` tags equal to the target of that wikilink.
 
-Wikilinks can take these two forms:
+Wikilinks can take these forms:
 
-  1. `[[Target Page]]` -- in this case it will link to the page `target-page` (according to `d` tag normalization rules above) and be displayed as `Target Page`;
-  2. `[[target page|see this]]` -- in this case it will link to the page `target-page`, but will be displayed as `see this`.
+  1. `[[Target Page]]` -- links to `target-page` and displays as `Target Page`;
+  2. `[[target page|see this]]` -- links to `target-page` but displays as `see this`;
+  3. `[[日本語 Topic|Japanese Topic]]` -- links to `日本語-topic` and displays as `Japanese Topic`.
 
 `nostr:...` links, as per [NIP-21](21.md), should link to profiles or arbitrary Nostr events. Although it is not recommended to link to specific versions of articles -- instead the _wikilink_ syntax should be preferred, since it should be left to the reader and their client to decide what version of any given article they want to read.