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authorfiatjaf <fiatjaf@gmail.com>2025-05-01 13:24:47 -0300
committerfiatjaf <fiatjaf@gmail.com>2025-05-01 13:24:47 -0300
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@@ -6,225 +6,4 @@ Data Vending Machine
6 6
7`draft` `optional` 7`draft` `optional`
8 8
9This NIP defines the interaction between customers and Service Providers for performing on-demand computation. 9This NIP is a placeholder for kind and interface definitions of multiple small machine-provided services.
10
11Money in, data out.
12
13## Kinds
14This NIP reserves the range `5000-7000` for data vending machine use.
15
16| Kind | Description |
17| ---- | ----------- |
18| 5000-5999 | Job request kinds |
19| 6000-6999 | Job result |
20| 7000 | Job feedback |
21
22Job results always use a kind number that is `1000` higher than the job request kind. (e.g. request: `kind:5001` gets a result: `kind:6001`).
23
24Job request types are defined [separately](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/data-vending-machines/tree/master/kinds).
25
26## Rationale
27Nostr can act as a marketplace for data processing, where users request jobs to be processed in certain ways (e.g., "speech-to-text", "summarization", etc.), but they don't necessarily care about "who" processes the data.
28
29This NIP is not to be confused with a 1:1 marketplace; instead, it describes a flow where a user announces a desired output, willingness to pay, and service providers compete to fulfill the job requirement in the best way possible.
30
31### Actors
32There are two actors in the workflow described in this NIP:
33* Customers (npubs who request a job)
34* Service providers (npubs who fulfill jobs)
35
36## Job request (`kind:5000-5999`)
37A request to process data, published by a customer. This event signals that a customer is interested in receiving the result of some kind of compute.
38
39```jsonc
40{
41 "kind": 5xxx, // kind in 5000-5999 range
42 "content": "",
43 "tags": [
44 [ "i", "<data>", "<input-type>", "<relay>", "<marker>" ],
45 [ "output", "<mime-type>" ],
46 [ "relays", "wss://..." ],
47 [ "bid", "<msat-amount>" ],
48 [ "t", "bitcoin" ]
49 ],
50 // other fields...
51}
52```
53
54All tags are optional.
55
56* `i` tag: Input data for the job (zero or more inputs)
57 * `<data>`: The argument for the input
58 * `<input-type>`: The way this argument should be interpreted. MUST be one of:
59 * `url`: A URL to be fetched of the data that should be processed.
60 * `event`: A Nostr event ID.
61 * `job`: The output of a previous job with the specified event ID. The dermination of which output to build upon is up to the service provider to decide (e.g. waiting for a signaling from the customer, waiting for a payment, etc.)
62 * `text`: `<data>` is the value of the input, no resolution is needed
63 * `<relay>`: If `event` or `job` input-type, the relay where the event/job was published, otherwise optional or empty string
64 * `<marker>`: An optional field indicating how this input should be used within the context of the job
65* `output`: Expected output format. Different job request `kind` defines this more precisely.
66* `param`: Optional parameters for the job as key (first argument)/value (second argument). Different job request `kind` defines this more precisely. (e.g. `[ "param", "lang", "es" ]`)
67* `bid`: Customer MAY specify a maximum amount (in millisats) they are willing to pay
68* `relays`: List of relays where Service Providers SHOULD publish responses to
69* `p`: Service Providers the customer is interested in. Other SPs MIGHT still choose to process the job
70
71## Encrypted Params
72
73If the user wants to keep the input parameters a secret, they can encrypt the `i` and `param` tags with the service provider's 'p' tag and add it to the content field. Add a tag `encrypted` as tags. Encryption for private tags will use [NIP-04 - Encrypted Direct Message encryption](04.md), using the user's private and service provider's public key for the shared secret
74
75```json
76[
77 ["i", "what is the capital of France? ", "text"],
78 ["param", "model", "LLaMA-2"],
79 ["param", "max_tokens", "512"],
80 ["param", "temperature", "0.5"],
81 ["param", "top-k", "50"],
82 ["param", "top-p", "0.7"],
83 ["param", "frequency_penalty", "1"]
84]
85```
86
87This param data will be encrypted and added to the `content` field and `p` tag should be present
88
89```jsonc
90{
91 "content": "BE2Y4xvS6HIY7TozIgbEl3sAHkdZoXyLRRkZv4fLPh3R7LtviLKAJM5qpkC7D6VtMbgIt4iNcMpLtpo...",
92 "tags": [
93 ["p", "04f74530a6ede6b24731b976b8e78fb449ea61f40ff10e3d869a3030c4edc91f"],
94 ["encrypted"]
95 ],
96 // other fields...
97}
98```
99
100
101## Job result (`kind:6000-6999`)
102
103Service providers publish job results, providing the output of the job result. They should tag the original job request event id as well as the customer's pubkey.
104
105```jsonc
106{
107 "pubkey": "<service-provider pubkey>",
108 "content": "<payload>",
109 "kind": 6xxx,
110 "tags": [
111 ["request", "<job-request>"],
112 ["e", "<job-request-id>", "<relay-hint>"],
113 ["i", "<input-data>"],
114 ["p", "<customer's-pubkey>"],
115 ["amount", "requested-payment-amount", "<optional-bolt11>"]
116 ],
117 // other fields...
118}
119```
120
121* `request`: The job request event stringified-JSON.
122* `amount`: millisats that the Service Provider is requesting to be paid. An optional third value can be a bolt11 invoice.
123* `i`: The original input(s) specified in the request.
124
125## Encrypted Output
126
127If the request has encrypted params, then output should be encrypted and placed in `content` field. If the output is encrypted, then avoid including `i` tag with input-data as clear text.
128Add a tag encrypted to mark the output content as `encrypted`
129
130```jsonc
131{
132 "pubkey": "<service-provider pubkey>",
133 "content": "<encrypted payload>",
134 "kind": 6xxx,
135 "tags": [
136 ["request", "<job-request>"],
137 ["e", "<job-request-id>", "<relay-hint>"],
138 ["p", "<customer's-pubkey>"],
139 ["amount", "requested-payment-amount", "<optional-bolt11>"],
140 ["encrypted"]
141 ],
142 // other fields...
143}
144```
145
146## Job feedback
147
148Service providers can give feedback about a job back to the customer.
149
150```jsonc
151{
152 "kind": 7000,
153 "content": "<empty-or-payload>",
154 "tags": [
155 ["status", "<status>", "<extra-info>"],
156 ["amount", "requested-payment-amount", "<bolt11>"],
157 ["e", "<job-request-id>", "<relay-hint>"],
158 ["p", "<customer's-pubkey>"],
159 ],
160 // other fields...
161}
162```
163
164* `content`: Either empty or a job-result (e.g. for partial-result samples)
165* `amount` tag: as defined in the [Job Result](#job-result-kind6000-6999) section.
166* `status` tag: Service Providers SHOULD indicate what this feedback status refers to. [Job Feedback Status](#job-feedback-status) defines status. Extra human-readable information can be added as an extra argument.
167
168* NOTE: If the input params requires input to be encrypted, then `content` field will have encrypted payload with `p` tag as key.
169
170### Job feedback status
171
172| status | description |
173| -------- | ------------- |
174| `payment-required` | Service Provider requires payment before continuing. |
175| `processing` | Service Provider is processing the job. |
176| `error` | Service Provider was unable to process the job. |
177| `success` | Service Provider successfully processed the job. |
178| `partial` | Service Provider partially processed the job. The `.content` might include a sample of the partial results. |
179
180Any job feedback event MIGHT include results in the `.content` field, as described in the [Job Result](#job-result-kind6000-6999) section. This is useful for service providers to provide a sample of the results that have been processed so far.
181
182
183# Protocol Flow
184
185* Customer publishes a job request (e.g. `kind:5000` speech-to-text).
186* Service Providers MAY submit `kind:7000` job-feedback events (e.g. `payment-required`, `processing`, `error`, etc.).
187* Upon completion, the service provider publishes the result of the job with a `kind:6000` job-result event.
188* At any point, if there is an `amount` pending to be paid as instructed by the service provider, the user can pay the included `bolt11` or zap the job result event the service provider has sent to the user.
189
190Job feedback (`kind:7000`) and Job Results (`kind:6000-6999`) events MAY include an `amount` tag, this can be interpreted as a suggestion to pay. Service Providers MUST use the `payment-required` feedback event to signal that a payment is required and no further actions will be performed until the payment is sent.
191
192Customers can always either pay the included `bolt11` invoice or zap the event requesting the payment and service providers should monitor for both if they choose to include a bolt11 invoice.
193
194## Notes about the protocol flow
195The flow is deliberately ambiguous, allowing vast flexibility for the interaction between customers and service providers so that service providers can model their behavior based on their own decisions/perceptions of risk.
196
197Some service providers might choose to submit a `payment-required` as the first reaction before sending a `processing` or before delivering results, some might choose to serve partial results for the job (e.g. a sample), send a `payment-required` to deliver the rest of the results, and some service providers might choose to assess likelihood of payment based on an npub's past behavior and thus serve the job results before requesting payment for the best possible UX.
198
199It's not up to this NIP to define how individual vending machines should choose to run their business.
200
201# Cancellation
202A job request might be canceled by publishing a `kind:5` delete request event tagging the job request event.
203
204# Appendix 1: Job chaining
205A Customer MAY request multiple jobs to be processed as a chain, where the output of a job is the input of another job. (e.g. podcast transcription -> summarization of the transcription). This is done by specifying as input an event id of a different job with the `job` type.
206
207Service Providers MAY begin processing a subsequent job the moment they see the prior job's result, but they will likely wait for a zap to be published first. This introduces a risk that Service Provider of job #1 might delay publishing the zap event in order to have an advantage. This risk is up to Service Providers to mitigate or to decide whether the service provider of job #1 tends to have good-enough results so as to not wait for an explicit zap to assume the job was accepted.
208
209This gives a higher level of flexibility to service providers (which sophisticated service providers would take anyway).
210
211# Appendix 2: Service provider discoverability
212Service Providers MAY use NIP-89 announcements to advertise their support for job kinds:
213
214```jsonc
215{
216 "kind": 31990,
217 "pubkey": "<pubkey>",
218 "content": "{
219 \"name\": \"Translating DVM\",
220 \"about\": \"I'm a DVM specialized in translating Bitcoin content.\"
221 }",
222 "tags": [
223 ["k", "5005"], // e.g. translation
224 ["t", "bitcoin"] // e.g. optionally advertises it specializes in bitcoin audio transcription that won't confuse "Drivechains" with "Ridechains"
225 ],
226 // other fields...
227}
228```
229
230Customers can use NIP-89 to see what service providers their follows use.